Getting residence in the United Kingdom

Post-Brexit UK uses points-based visas (work, talent, founder). Indefinite leave (ILR) after 5 years on most routes.

How to read the paths

Each card combines a category (how you qualify), an outcome (what you get) and duration (renewable title or permanent). RBI ≠ CBI: the first grants residence, the second a passport.

  • EU free movement — EU/EEA citizens: registration, not a classic consular visa.
  • Work / employment — Status tied to a local employer or qualifying contract.
  • Entrepreneur / company — Activity or company setup: the visa follows the project, not a passport.
  • Passive income / retirement — Stable income (pension, dividends, rent) without local employment.
  • Nomad / remote — Remote work for an employer or clients outside the country.
  • Residence by investment — Investment or financial threshold → residence (not a passport).
  • Citizenship by investment — Investment or contribution → passport (programmes often restricted).
  • Naturalisation / long stay — After years of legal stay: PR, ILR, C permit, etc.
  • Other — Visit, transit or routes outside the frames above.

Paths by category

Indicative thresholds, timelines and fees — verify with official sources and local counsel.

Work / employment

Skilled Worker visa

Work / employment Residence permit Temporary
Who it fits
Licensed sponsor employer, salary threshold, English B1
Outcome
Up to 5-year renewable visa
Typical timeline
2–4 months
Indicative cost
$1,500–$5,000

Process steps

  1. Certificate of Sponsorship
  2. Online UKVI application
  3. IHS health surcharge
  4. Biometrics
  5. Entry
  6. Renewal

Sources: gov.uk

Entrepreneur / company

Innovator Founder visa

Entrepreneur / company Residence permit Temporary
Who it fits
Innovative business approved by endorsing body, own funds
Outcome
3-year renewable visa
Typical timeline
3–6 months
Indicative cost
$2,000–$8,000

Process steps

  1. Endorsement
  2. Business plan
  3. UKVI visa
  4. UK incorporation
  5. Endorsing body milestones

Sources: gov.uk

Naturalisation / long stay

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

Naturalisation / long stay Permanent residence Permanent
Who it fits
5 years legal stay on eligible route, Life in the UK test, English B1
Outcome
ILR (permanent residence)
Typical timeline
3–6 months
Indicative cost
$3,000–$5,000

Process steps

  1. Document 5 years
  2. Life in the UK + English
  3. ILR application
  4. BRP decision

Sources: gov.uk

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